Perineal Ectopic Testis in One and A Half Year Old Child As A Rare Congenital Anomaly: A Case Report Ektopik Testis Perineal pada Anak Satu Setengah Tahun Sebagai Kasus Kelainan Kongenital Yang Langka: Laporan Kasus
Article Sidebar
Picture in here are illustration from public domain image or provided by the author, as part of their works
Published:
Jul 31, 2023
Keywords:
Congenital abnormality, Orchidopexy, Testicular ectopic, Undescended testis
Main Article Content
Abstract
Ectopic testis is described as an abnormality of testicle development in which one or both testicles aren’t descending through the testicle normal pathways. Among all newborns with undescended testis, only 1% are diagnosed as ectopic testis. In this case, an 18 months old boy was presented to hospital with chief complaint of impalpable testis dextra. Phsical examination showed the right testis was not palpable in the scrotum and perineum. Ultrasonography examination showed a right testis in the perineum with normal volume and vascularization. Right orchidopexy was performed to correct the location of the testis. Early diagnostic of ectopic testis must be done through anamnesis, physical examination, and advanced examination. Limited faciliiesy and lack of parental knowledge make the patients come late to health facility. The conclusion of this study is knowledge among parents and skills of health workers concerning congenital anomaly especially undescensus testis should be improved.
Article Details
How to Cite
Surya, P. A., Faadilah, A. H., & Sriyono. (2023). Perineal Ectopic Testis in One and A Half Year Old Child As A Rare Congenital Anomaly: A Case Report. Medicra (Journal of Medical Laboratory Science/Technology), 6(1), 6-9. https://doi.org/10.21070/medicra.v6i1.1689
Issue
Section
Articles
References
Cobellis, G., Novierllo, C., Nino F, Romano M, Mariscoli F, Martino A, Parmeggiani P, Papparella A., 2014. Spermatogenesis and cryptorchidism. Frontiers in Endocrinology. 5(63). doi: 10.3389/fendo.2014.00063
Jafarov, V., 2019. Perineal ectopic testis with unilateral scrotal hypoplasia. Journal of Pediatric Surgery Case Reports, 51: p.101298. doi: 10.1016/j.epsc.2019.101298aCobellis, G., Novierllo, C., Nino, F., Romano, M., Mariscoli, F., Martino, A., Parmeggiani, P., & Papparella A. (2014). Spermatogenesis and cryptorchidism. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 5(63), 1-4. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2014.00063
Javarof, V. (2019). Perineal ectopic testis with unilateral scrotal hypoplasia. Journal of Pediatric Surgery Case Reports. Vol 51, 101298. doi: /10.1016/j.epsc.2019.101298
Joda, A., (2019). Five different cases of ectopic testes in children: a self-experience with literature review. World Journal of Pediatric Surgery, 2(3), p.e000068. doi: 10.1136/wjps-2019-000068
Nepal, P., Kumar, D.,& Ojili, V. (2018). Abnormal descent of the testis and its complications: A multimodality imaging review. Radiological Society of South Africa. 22(1), 1374. doi: 10.4102/sajr.v22i1.1374
Niedzielski, J.K., Iszukowska, E., & Hilczer, J.S. (2016). Undescended testis-current trends and guidelines: a review of the literature. Archives of Medical Science, 12(3), 667-677. doi: 10.5114/aoms.2016.59940
Ritzen, E.M., Bergh, A., Bjerknes, R., Christiansen, P., Cortes, D., Haugen, S.E., Jorgensen, N., Kollin, C., Lackgren, G., Main, K.M., Nordenskjold, A., Meytz, E.R., Soder, O., Taskinen, S., Thorsson, A., Thorup, A., Thorup, J., Toppari, J., & Virtanen, H. (2007). Nordic consensus on treatment of undescended testes. Acta Paediatrica. 96(5), 638-43. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2006.00159.x
Setchell B. P. (1998). The parkes lecture. Heat and the testis. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, 114(2),179-94. doi: 10.1530/jrf.0.1140179
Soomro, S., & Mughal, S.A. (2008). Perineal ectopic testis - a rare encounter in paediatric surgical practice. Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan. 18(6), 386-7.
Snodgrass, W., Bush, N., Holzer, M., & Zhang, S. (2011). Current referral patterns and means to improve accuracy on diagnosis of undescended testis. Pediatrics, 127(2), 238-388. doi: 10.1542/peds.2010-1719
Suryawan, I. W. B., Yati, N. P., & Batubara, J. R. I. (2017). Diagnosis dan Tatalaksana Kriptorkismus. Jakarta: Badan Penerbit Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia.
Thundathil, J.C., Rajamanickam, G.D., Kastelic, J.P., & Newton, L.D. (2012). The effects of increased testicular temperature on testis-specific isoform of Na+/K+ -ATPase in sperm and its role in spermatogenesis and sperm function. Reproduction in Domestic Animals. 47(4), 170-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2012.02072.x
Ulubay, M. (2019). Perineal ectopic testis: A rare congenital anomaly. Urology Case Reports. Vol. 24, 100853. doi: 10.1016/j.eucr.2019.100853
Virtanen, H.E., Cortes, D., Meyts E.R.D., Ritzen, E.M., Nordenskjold, A., Skakkebaek, N.E., & Toppari, J. (2009). Development and descent of the testis in relation to cryptorchidism. Acta Paediatrica. 96(5), 622-627. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2007.00244.x
Joda, A., 2019. Five different cases of ectopic testes in children: a self-experience with literature review. World Journal of Pediatric Surgery, 2(3), p.e000068. doi: 10.1136/wjps-2019-000068
Nepal, P., Kumar, D., Ojili, V., 2018. Abnormal descent of the testis and its complications: A multimodality imaging review. Radiological Society of South Africa. 22(1): 1374. doi: 10.4102/sajr.v22i1.1374
Niedzielski, J.K., Iszukowska, E., Hilczer, J.S., Undescended testis-current trends and guidelines: a review of the literature. Archives of Medical Science. 12(3): 667-677. doi: 10.5114/aoms.2016.59940
Ritzen, E.M., Bergh, A., Bjerknes, R., Christiansen, P., Cortes, D., Haugen, S.E., Jorgensen, N., Kollin, C., Lackgren, G., Main, K.M., Nordenskjold, A., Meytz, E.R., Soder, O., Taskinen, S., Thorsson, A., Thorup, A., Thorup, J., Toppari, J., Virtanen, H., 2007. Nordic consensus on treatment of undescended testes. Acta Paediatrica. 96(5): 638-43. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2006.00159.x
Setchell B.P., 1998. The parkes lecture. Heat and the testis. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 114(2):179-94. doi: 10.1530/jrf.0.1140179
Soomro, S., Mughal, S.A., 2008. Perineal ectopic testis - a rare encounter in paediatric surgical practice. Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan. 18(6): 386-7.
Snodgrass, W., Bush, N., Holzer, M., Zhang, S., 2011. Current referral patterns and means to improve accuracy on diagnosis of undescended testis. Pediatrics: 127(2): 238-388. doi: 10.1542/peds.2010-1719
Suryawan, I.W.B., Yati, N.P., Batubara, J.R.I. (2017). Diagnosis dan Tatalaksana Kriptorkismus. Badan Penerbit Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia.
Thundathil, J.C., Rajamanickam, G.D., Kastelic, J.P., Newton, L.D., 2012. The effects of increased testicular temperature on testis-specific isoform of Na+/K+ -ATPase in sperm and its role in spermatogenesis and sperm function. Reproduction in Domestic Animals. 47(4): 170-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2012.02072.x
Ulubay, M., 2019. Perineal ectopic testis: A rare congenital anomaly. Urology Case Reports. 24: p.100853. doi: 10.1016/j.eucr.2019.100853
Virtanen, H.E., Cortes, D., Meyts E.R.D., Ritzen, E.M., Nordenskjold, A., Skakkebaek, N.E., Toppari, J., 2009. Development and descent of the testis in relation to cryptorchidism. Acta Paediatrica. 96(5): 622-627. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2007.00244.x
Jafarov, V., 2019. Perineal ectopic testis with unilateral scrotal hypoplasia. Journal of Pediatric Surgery Case Reports, 51: p.101298. doi: 10.1016/j.epsc.2019.101298aCobellis, G., Novierllo, C., Nino, F., Romano, M., Mariscoli, F., Martino, A., Parmeggiani, P., & Papparella A. (2014). Spermatogenesis and cryptorchidism. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 5(63), 1-4. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2014.00063
Javarof, V. (2019). Perineal ectopic testis with unilateral scrotal hypoplasia. Journal of Pediatric Surgery Case Reports. Vol 51, 101298. doi: /10.1016/j.epsc.2019.101298
Joda, A., (2019). Five different cases of ectopic testes in children: a self-experience with literature review. World Journal of Pediatric Surgery, 2(3), p.e000068. doi: 10.1136/wjps-2019-000068
Nepal, P., Kumar, D.,& Ojili, V. (2018). Abnormal descent of the testis and its complications: A multimodality imaging review. Radiological Society of South Africa. 22(1), 1374. doi: 10.4102/sajr.v22i1.1374
Niedzielski, J.K., Iszukowska, E., & Hilczer, J.S. (2016). Undescended testis-current trends and guidelines: a review of the literature. Archives of Medical Science, 12(3), 667-677. doi: 10.5114/aoms.2016.59940
Ritzen, E.M., Bergh, A., Bjerknes, R., Christiansen, P., Cortes, D., Haugen, S.E., Jorgensen, N., Kollin, C., Lackgren, G., Main, K.M., Nordenskjold, A., Meytz, E.R., Soder, O., Taskinen, S., Thorsson, A., Thorup, A., Thorup, J., Toppari, J., & Virtanen, H. (2007). Nordic consensus on treatment of undescended testes. Acta Paediatrica. 96(5), 638-43. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2006.00159.x
Setchell B. P. (1998). The parkes lecture. Heat and the testis. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, 114(2),179-94. doi: 10.1530/jrf.0.1140179
Soomro, S., & Mughal, S.A. (2008). Perineal ectopic testis - a rare encounter in paediatric surgical practice. Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan. 18(6), 386-7.
Snodgrass, W., Bush, N., Holzer, M., & Zhang, S. (2011). Current referral patterns and means to improve accuracy on diagnosis of undescended testis. Pediatrics, 127(2), 238-388. doi: 10.1542/peds.2010-1719
Suryawan, I. W. B., Yati, N. P., & Batubara, J. R. I. (2017). Diagnosis dan Tatalaksana Kriptorkismus. Jakarta: Badan Penerbit Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia.
Thundathil, J.C., Rajamanickam, G.D., Kastelic, J.P., & Newton, L.D. (2012). The effects of increased testicular temperature on testis-specific isoform of Na+/K+ -ATPase in sperm and its role in spermatogenesis and sperm function. Reproduction in Domestic Animals. 47(4), 170-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2012.02072.x
Ulubay, M. (2019). Perineal ectopic testis: A rare congenital anomaly. Urology Case Reports. Vol. 24, 100853. doi: 10.1016/j.eucr.2019.100853
Virtanen, H.E., Cortes, D., Meyts E.R.D., Ritzen, E.M., Nordenskjold, A., Skakkebaek, N.E., & Toppari, J. (2009). Development and descent of the testis in relation to cryptorchidism. Acta Paediatrica. 96(5), 622-627. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2007.00244.x
Joda, A., 2019. Five different cases of ectopic testes in children: a self-experience with literature review. World Journal of Pediatric Surgery, 2(3), p.e000068. doi: 10.1136/wjps-2019-000068
Nepal, P., Kumar, D., Ojili, V., 2018. Abnormal descent of the testis and its complications: A multimodality imaging review. Radiological Society of South Africa. 22(1): 1374. doi: 10.4102/sajr.v22i1.1374
Niedzielski, J.K., Iszukowska, E., Hilczer, J.S., Undescended testis-current trends and guidelines: a review of the literature. Archives of Medical Science. 12(3): 667-677. doi: 10.5114/aoms.2016.59940
Ritzen, E.M., Bergh, A., Bjerknes, R., Christiansen, P., Cortes, D., Haugen, S.E., Jorgensen, N., Kollin, C., Lackgren, G., Main, K.M., Nordenskjold, A., Meytz, E.R., Soder, O., Taskinen, S., Thorsson, A., Thorup, A., Thorup, J., Toppari, J., Virtanen, H., 2007. Nordic consensus on treatment of undescended testes. Acta Paediatrica. 96(5): 638-43. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2006.00159.x
Setchell B.P., 1998. The parkes lecture. Heat and the testis. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 114(2):179-94. doi: 10.1530/jrf.0.1140179
Soomro, S., Mughal, S.A., 2008. Perineal ectopic testis - a rare encounter in paediatric surgical practice. Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan. 18(6): 386-7.
Snodgrass, W., Bush, N., Holzer, M., Zhang, S., 2011. Current referral patterns and means to improve accuracy on diagnosis of undescended testis. Pediatrics: 127(2): 238-388. doi: 10.1542/peds.2010-1719
Suryawan, I.W.B., Yati, N.P., Batubara, J.R.I. (2017). Diagnosis dan Tatalaksana Kriptorkismus. Badan Penerbit Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia.
Thundathil, J.C., Rajamanickam, G.D., Kastelic, J.P., Newton, L.D., 2012. The effects of increased testicular temperature on testis-specific isoform of Na+/K+ -ATPase in sperm and its role in spermatogenesis and sperm function. Reproduction in Domestic Animals. 47(4): 170-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2012.02072.x
Ulubay, M., 2019. Perineal ectopic testis: A rare congenital anomaly. Urology Case Reports. 24: p.100853. doi: 10.1016/j.eucr.2019.100853
Virtanen, H.E., Cortes, D., Meyts E.R.D., Ritzen, E.M., Nordenskjold, A., Skakkebaek, N.E., Toppari, J., 2009. Development and descent of the testis in relation to cryptorchidism. Acta Paediatrica. 96(5): 622-627. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2007.00244.x